Brazil
Potential interest in local-currency trade, commodity flows and South-South financial connectivity.
Country perspective
BRICS economies and the payment-infrastructure debate
The strategic value of any BRICS payment bridge depends on adoption by diverse economies with different currencies, legal systems, banking sectors and geopolitical priorities.
Selected country angles
Russia
Strong incentive to reduce reliance on Western-controlled financial channels, but also the highest sanctions sensitivity.
India
Large trade volumes and digital public-infrastructure experience, combined with a cautious strategic-autonomy approach.
China
Scale, fintech capability and renminbi internationalization interests make China central to the technical and liquidity debate.
South Africa
A gateway perspective for African trade links and institutional BRICS continuity.
New members and partners
Expansion increases reach, but also governance complexity, regulatory diversity and interoperability demands.
Implementation reality
The more countries participate, the stronger the network effect can become. At the same time, every additional jurisdiction increases the need for robust compliance, transparent governance and clear technical standards.